The productivity of Guar is very low due to irregularity of monsoon rainfall, lack of distribution and sowing in low fertility land. As guar is a legume crop, it fixes 39 to 196 kg of nitrogen per hectare from the air, and its leaves fall completely into the soil, adding organic fertilizer to the soil. Guar provides affordable fodder for cattle. Guar gum is useful in many industrial units. 90 to 95 percent of guar cultivation takes place in the monsoon season. While guar gum is currently used in crude oil drilling, its demand has increased at the international level, resulting in very high prices for farmers. Thus, guar cultivation is currently profitable for the farmers.
Land Preparation:
Guar crop cultivation is rain dependent in arid as well as semi-arid areas. To increase the moisture storage capacity of the soil and prevent diseases, pests and crop protection costs in the next year’s crop, the soil should be deeply plowed and allowed to heat up in sunlight. Soil erosion can be reduced by plowing and sowing crops against the slope of the land.
Seed Treatment:
For effective control of soil and seed borne diseases, application of suitable fungicide/insecticide coating to seed can reduce crop diseases/pests at low cost. Effective control can be done at the early stage of the crop. For this, guava seeds should be soaked in 250 ppm (250 grams of streptocycline in 10 liters of water) for 30 minutes, dried in the shade and then given a layer of biological culture (Rhizobium and PSB culture at the rate of 250 grams per 8 kg of seeds).
Seed Rate and Sowing Spacing:
4.5 kg seed per bigha should be used for guar planting. And guar seed should be sown at the recommended distance. Having too many or too few plants affects the fitness. A distance of 45 to 60 cm should be kept between two rows according to the type of soil.
Weed Control:
Since weeds directly compete with the crop for air, water and nutrients, weed plants can be controlled at the beginning of the crop i.e. up to 45 days to get more production. For this, two intercropping and hand weeding at 30 to 45 days after sowing of crop or in labor shortage situation, one intercropping at 30 days of cropping with pendimethylene active ingredient in 500 liters of water immediately after sowing of crop and spraying before crop emergence will increase production. Also financial compensation can be obtained.
Fertilizer System:
Fertilizer is a costly factor affecting crop production. Every crop needs chemical and organic fertilizers. Rhizobium and PSB are applied before seed sowing as part of integrated fertilization system in guar crop so that the physical and biological conditions of the soil are not adversely affected. of culture (200 g Rhizobium and 200 g PSB culture per 8 kg seed).
Sowing time:
Early or late sowing affects crop growth and production. Generally, most Kharif crops are sown after the first rains after 15th June. While sowing guar crop should be done in the last week of July i.e. after 20th July as soon as it rains. Planting in summer season from 15th February to first week of March.